Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), cultivated in various regions globally, contributes to approximately 30 % of the world’s sugar production. Despite its economic importance, sugar beet is susceptible to various diseases, causing significant yield losses and impacting the profitability of producers. Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the important soil fungi causing root rot and damping-off of sugar beet in tropical and subtropical regions, posing a significant challenge to growers. Root rot in sugar beets, induced by this fungus, leads to a significant decrease in yield, juice purity, and sugar concentration. Damping-off caused by S. rolfsii is a disease that leads to the rotting of germinating seeds and young seedlings, making it one of the most significant yield constraints for sugar beet producers. Due to the rapid growth of this fungus, its wide range of hosts, and its ability to produce numerous sclerotia that persist in the soil for an extended period, managing the resulting diseases, characterized by initially imperceptible symptoms, remains a complex task. Adopting relevant cultural practices and the use of fungicides has proven beneficial for management. This comprehensive review supplies a current understanding of S. rolfsii diseases in sugar beets, encompassing numerous aspects such as fungus biology, pathogenesis, and infection processes. It also highlights research advances in S. rolfsii disease control strategies, especially in the exploration of biocontrol strategies and appropriate sanitation practices. These innovative approaches present the option for sustainable disease control by diminishing reliance on chemical fungicides and reducing their environmental effects.